Na'ib-Isultanate

   Sometimes also designated as na'ib-imamlikat, he was a viceroy or deputy to the sultan who ran the administration on his behalf when he was ill or incapacitated. This was the case in 1315 when Malik Kafur Hazardinari, the na'ib-i mumlikat, acted on behalf of 'Ala al-Din Khalji during the latter's illness. Sometimes, when the sultan had no inclination to involve himself in administra-tion for one reason or another, again, the most powerful noble would run the administration as na'ib. The authority exercised by Balban as na'ib under Nasir al-Din Mahmud Shah (1246-1266) is an example.